The NCLT Kolkata Bench was established by the Ministry of Corporate Affairs vide Gazette Notification S.O. 1935(E) dated 01.06.2016 and commenced functioning on the same date. Presently, three Courtrooms are functioning at the Bench, exercising jurisdiction over West Bengal, Bihar, Jharkhand and the Andaman & Nicobar Islands.

Matters under the Companies Act, 2013, including matters relating to sections 59, 241–242 and Transfer Petitions, are generally taken up on Thursdays, while matters under sections 252, schemes under sections 230–232, winding-up matters under section 271 and Transfer Petitions are generally taken up on Fridays. The Kolkata Bench also exercises specific statutory jurisdiction under Section 73(4) of the Companies Act, 2013 in matters relating to default in repayment of deposits or interest thereon.

The Bench carries forward the legacy of corporate jurisprudence in Eastern India and succeeds the statutory functions of the erstwhile Company Law Board (Eastern Region), which functioned from Justice Radhabinod Pal Sarani. Its relocation to Corporate Bhawan, New Town, Kolkata, represents an important milestone in strengthening the corporate adjudication and resolution ecosystem of Eastern India, with the Bench co-located with other major regulatory and investigative offices of the Ministry of Corporate Affairs.Since its establishment, the Bench has handled a substantial volume of corporate and insolvency matters, reflecting its significant role in facilitating effective corporate dispute resolution and ease of doing business.

The Bench has also undertaken measures to make its premises more accessible and stakeholder-friendly, including the provision of ramps and accessible entry points for specially-abled persons, separate washrooms, waiting rooms for litigants and advocates, improved visitor assistance facilities, and better internal movement and overall accessibility within the Tribunal premises.